obj 4.11

Sulphur dioxide ( SO2 – gas)

Combustion of fossil fuels in factories (ie coals and oils) gives off the gas SO2
Also in vehicle the combustion of oils/petrol/gas also contributes

In atmosphere SO2 +H2O -> sulphuric acid
Condenses to form clouds and when it rains we call this acid rain.
Acid rain affects plants and animals
Trees and plants are often ‘burned’ (tops of trees)
Acid rain causes Ca2+ and mag 2+ to be LEACHED out of soil (plant can’t obtain magnesium or calcium in plant which means the plant can’t grow)
Effect of acid rain in lakes (enters strems which then form lakes) reduce the pH which releases the Al3+ ions. Which affect the rate of fish deaths. The aluminum causes the thickening of the mucus which lines the sides of the fish’s gills, which reduces the fish ability to take oxygen from water = suffocation (death)

Carbon monoxide (CO)

Fossil fuels (coal/gas) are burned with insufficient oxygen which creates CO
Carbon monoxide (CO) combined with the hemoglobin which is formed in the Red Blood cells and forms a molecule called Carbamino hemoglobin (blocks hemoglobin from carrying O2, reduced 02 circulations.) Is Toxic = causes death